楚雄盆地砂岩型铜矿床构造-流体耦合成矿模型
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Coupling Tectonic-fluid Metallogenic Model for Sandstone-type Copper Deposit in Chuxiong Basin, China
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    摘要:

    砂岩型铜矿床是楚雄陆相红层盆地的典型矿床类型。在构造一流体一成矿体系的动力学演化中,该类矿床的形成经历了沉积-成岩成矿作用、改造成矿作用及后期断裂作用的演化过程:燕山中晚期形成煤-铜-盐”三色建造”和盆地流体;喜玛拉雅早期构造一热演化形成褶皱圈闭盆地流体,来自基底的富铜流体沿同生断裂(隐伏断裂)上升将一些亲铜元素从深部带入煤层而被吸附,形成富铜的还原性流体(H2O-SO2-CO2-CH4(C3H8-C2H6)-HSO4--HCO3-型),还原性流体沿次级断裂、隐伏断裂和层间断裂及轴面变形带上升,与大气降水深循环淋滤膏盐层形成高盐度的氧化性流体(H2O-SO2-CO2-N2-CO- HSO4-型)在砂(页)岩相遇时发生水/岩相互作用,并封闭于高孔渗的砂(页)岩储层,在褶皱翼部或核部的中细粒砂岩和层间断裂带中形成层状、似层状矿体;喜玛拉雅中期由于构造改造,在更次级断裂带中形成脉状矿(化)体。所以,该类矿床是褶皱构造圈闭盆地流体—含矿岩相和构造裂隙封闭成矿流体定位成矿的产物,是铜矿源、构造与流体三者耦合作用的结果,更好地解释了矿床既沿褶皱分布又沿含矿层定位及矿物、元素分带的主要原因。故建立了该类矿床的构造-流体耦合成矿模型。

    Abstract:

    Coupling Tectonic-fluid Metallogenic Model for Sandstone-type Copper Deposit in the Chuxiong Basin, China HAN Run-sheng1), ZOU Hai-jun1), WU Peng1), FANG Wei-xuan2), HU Yu-zhao1), (1.Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology; South-West Institute of Geological Survey, Geological Survey Centre for Nonferrous Metals Resources, Kunming 650093; 2. Geological Survey Centre for Nonferrous Metals Resources, Beijing 100012) Sandstone-type copper deposit is the typical one of ore deposit species in the continental red-bed Chuxiong Basin, China. In the dynamic evolution processes of tectonic-fluid-mineralization system, the formation of the kind of deposits experienced 3 periods, which were sedimentation-diagenesis metallization, reformation metallization, and late faulting process. ‘coal-copper-salt’ three-colors sediment formations and basin fluid were formed in the Middle-Late Yanshan Period; With the tectonic-thermal evolution, fold traps basin fluid was formed in Early Himalayan Period. Cu-bearing fluids from basin basement ascended along contemporaneous fault, and carried chalcophile elements from deep-seated to coal seam. It resulted in the formation of Cu-bearing reductive fluid [H2O-SO2-CO2-CH4(C3H8-C2H6)-HSO4--HCO3-] which ascended along secondary faults, buried faults, interlayer faults and deformation band of axial plane. High salinity and oxidative fluid (H2O-SO2-CO2-N2-CO-HSO4-) formed by deep cycle meteoric water leaching gypsum bed. The two type fluid that closed in higher porosity and permeability sandstone reservoirs encountered in sandstone and shale and associated with water-rock interaction, then stratiform and stratoid ore bodies which hosted in middle-fine sandstone could formed in flank and core of folds or interformational faults; Tectonic reworking again, vein ore bodies or mineralization formed in the secondary faulting zone in the Middle Himalayan Period. The deposit formed from an outcome that fold closed basin fluid, structural fissure and ore-bearing facies closed ore-forming fluid. It was a coupling among the ore source, controlling tectonic and ore-forming fluid. In terms of this analysis, the deposit distribution with fold and ore-bearing strata, mineral and elements zoning were interpreted. A coupling model of tectonic-fluid metallogenesis for sandstone-type copper deposit in Chuxiong Basin has been established. Key words: Deposit Model; Tectonic-fluid Coupled Metallogenesis; Sandstone-type Copper Deposit; Chuxiong Basin ,China

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韩润生.2010.楚雄盆地砂岩型铜矿床构造-流体耦合成矿模型[J].地质学报,84(10):1438-1447.
Han Runshneg.2010. Coupling Tectonic-fluid Metallogenic Model for Sandstone-type Copper Deposit in Chuxiong Basin, China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,84(10):1438-1447.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-14
  • 最后修改日期:2010-01-14
  • 录用日期:2010-01-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-09-27