粤北石英脉型钨多金属矿床中钨锡铋银钼的赋存状态研究
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Study on the mode of tungsten, tin, bismuth, silver and molybdenum from the vein type tungsten polymetallic deposits in northern Guangdong, China
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    摘要:

    对粤北红岭、石人嶂、梅子窝、锯板坑钨矿矿石光片进行了详细的电子探针分析,在红岭钨矿中观察到广泛的黑钨矿与白钨矿共生现象,并发现铌锰矿、(含)钨铌锰矿晶体,认为晚期富CO2及Ca的流体溶解早期的黑钨矿形成。在石人嶂、梅子窝、锯板坑钨矿中发现较多黝锡矿,在黄铜矿、闪锌矿边缘分布或呈不规则细粒状散布黄铜矿中,部分黝锡矿中包裹锡石。红岭、石人嶂、梅子窝钨矿具不同程度的银矿化,根据(含)银矿物的能谱成分分析,区分出富硫铋铅矿、块辉铋铅银矿(第1、2、3亚种)、辉铋银铅矿、硫银铋矿、淡红银矿、脆银矿、硫铜银矿、含银吉硫铜矿、含银斯硫铜矿,并有含银4.78~7.97%的Pb-Bi-S、71.01~90.74%的As-S-Ag、9.3%的Pb-Cl-Cu-S未定名矿物。红岭钨矿中含银矿物多以不规则粒状分散在铁闪锌矿、硅酸盐矿物中,认为以类质同像形式替代硫铅铋盐(少量硫铋铅盐)中的Pb存在,含银矿物与主硫化物同时形成;石人嶂钨矿含银矿物主要为含银硫铜盐、硫铜银盐,在黄铜矿边缘形成交代反应边,为后期热液矿化形成,局部有硫铅铋盐、硫铋银盐;梅子窝钨矿中含银硫铅铋盐、硫铋盐、硫砷铅银矿物较少,主要为独立银矿物和少量自然银,多在方铅矿中或与方铅矿充填在其他硫化物裂隙中。石人嶂、梅子窝钨矿银矿物种类丰富且含量较高,具有综合利用前景,两矿床部分样品中发育边缘交代型或细脉充填型的(含)银矿物,表明矿床中局部后期热液叠加银矿化作用发育。在红岭钨矿中发现与辉铋矿共生的楚碲铋矿,为国内首次在石英脉型钨矿中发现该矿物。四个矿床中闪锌矿成分不同,石人嶂、梅子窝钨矿中含较高Cd,红岭、锯板坑钨矿中基本不含Cd,红岭钨矿闪锌矿中铁含量变化较大。

    Abstract:

    Detailed electron probe analysis has been carried out to the polished sections from Hongling, shirenzhang, Meiziwo and Jubankeng vein type tungsten deposits in northern Guangdong, China. We found several grains of mangancolumbite and wolframoixiolite and observed a wide range of intergrowth phenomenon of wolframite and scheelite in Hongling deposit, which we think may be formed by dissolution of early wolframite with late CO2 and Ca rich fluid. Mass stannite has been found in shirenzhang, Meiziwo and Jubankeng tungsten deposit, which is distributed at the edge of chalcopyrite and sphalerite or disseminated in chalcopyrite and some of which include cassiterite. Hongling, shirenzhang and Meiziwo deposit has different levels of silver mineralization, we distinguished silver-bearing Heyrovskyite, Schirmerite(No.1, 2, 3 subspecies), Gustavite, Matildite, Proustite, Stephanite, Stromeyerite, Geerite, Spionkopite and some unnamed Pb-Bi-S minerals which contain silver 4.78 ~ 7.97% and As-S-Ag minerals contain silver 71.01 ~ 90.74% and Pb-Cl-Cu-S mineral contain silver 9.3% based on the EDX analysis. Silver-bearing minerals in Hongling deposit mainly scattered in sphalerite and silicate minerals with irregular grains, which we think the silver replace Pb in the Pb-Bi-S minerals by isomorphism, and these silver-bearing minerals were formed the same time as the main sulfides. Silver-bearing minerals in Shirenzhang deposit are mainly silver-bearing (Fe)Cu-S minerals and Ag-Cu-S minerals, that forms silver-bearing mineral-sphalerite belt at the edge of chalcopyrite and was formed by late mineralized fluid, while less in Pb-Bi-S and Bi-Ag-S minerals. There are less silver-bearing Pb-Bi-S, Bi-S and As-Pb-Ag minerals in Meiziwo deposit, mainly independent silver minerals and a little silver elementary substance, which mainly distributed in galenas or silted the fracture of earlier sulfide with galena. There are numberous and high content silver minerals in Shirenzhang, Meiziwo tungsten deposit and can be multipurpose used. Widely existence of the edge matasomatic type and silting vein type silver-bearing minerals in some ore indicate the strong sliver mineralization in part of the two deposits. Several grains of tsumoite was found in Hongling deposit accrete with bismuthinite and bismuth, which is the first founding of this mineral in vein type tungsten deposit. There are varies components of sphalerite in these four deposits, Hongling, Jubankeng deposit didn’t contain Cd on the whole, and a wide range in the Fe content in Hongling deposit, while it contains higher Cd in sphalerite in Shirenzhang and Meiziwo deposit.

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王小飞,戚华文,胡瑞忠,毕献武,彭建堂.2011.粤北石英脉型钨多金属矿床中钨锡铋银钼的赋存状态研究[J].地质学报,85(3):405-421.
wangxiaofei, qihuawen, HU Ruizhong, BI Xianwu, PENG Jiantang.2011. Study on the mode of tungsten, tin, bismuth, silver and molybdenum from the vein type tungsten polymetallic deposits in northern Guangdong, China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,85(3):405-421.

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  • 收稿日期:2010-02-06
  • 最后修改日期:2010-02-06
  • 录用日期:2010-06-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2011-03-23