This study performed the analyses of the contents of the major, rare earth and trace elements and mineral compositions of the Heidaigou Openpit Coal Mine. The results show that the average REE content of the Heidaigou coal mine is 248.12×10-6, about 2.83 times the average value of all the coal mines in China. The average contents of LREE and HREE are 236.66×10-6 and 11.46×10-6, respectively, with an average LREE/HREE value of 20.81 and (La/Yb)N of 1.59, indicating that LREE in coal is relatively enriched relative to HREE. Part of rare earth elements in coal may be enriched in aluminosilicate and clay minerals. REE distribution patterns show the δCeS ranges of 0.89 to 2.21 and moderate δEuS loss of 0.46~0.86, verifying the stability of sedimentary environment played an important role in input of REEs to coal during the formation and evolution of coal seams. The content of trace elements (such as Ga, Pb, Se, Sr, Th and Zr) in the Heidaigou Coal Mine is obviously higher than that in China, North China Paleozoic and North America, and is higher than the crust Clarke value.