The Diebusige complex in the Langshan area, as one of the Precambrian basements of the Alxa Block, consists of streaky biotite plagioclase gneiss, plagioclase hornblende gneiss and lenticular amphibolite, with diopside marble and magnetite quartzite intercalations. The basement rocks experienced and recorded the multistage deformation since Proterozoic. Through geological mapping and structural analysis, the study analyzed deformation modes, stages and ages of structural deformation of the Diebusige complex in the Langshan area. Four deformation stages have been identified as follow. (1) The first is characterized by near hinge E- W- striking deformation (D1) of early foliation of gneiss with the axial plane dipping towards NNW in response to the unification process of the North China Craton (NCC) in the Paleoproterozoic. (2) the second is by near N- S- striking folding deformation (D2) with NNE- striking folding hinge in response to eastwards movement of the Alxa Block during the Devonian- Carboniferous. (3) D3 deformation represents NE- SW striking ductile sinistral strike- slip shearing movement caused by the clockwise rotation of the Alxa block due to the collision between the NCC and the Yangtze Craton during the Triassic; the previous deformations were rotated counterclockwise by this crucial event in the Langshan area. (4) D4 deformation is NE- SW- striking folds with axial planes mostly dipping toward SE, which overprinted the previous fabrics in gneiss and mylonite, D4 fabrics were formed by NW- SE striking compression from the subduction of the Paleo- Pacific and the closure of the Mongolia- Okhotsk Ocean during the Late Jurassic.