我国三稀矿产资源遥感调查综述
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本文为中国地质调查二级项目“川西甲基卡大型锂矿资源基地综合调查评价”(编号: DD20160055)和“松潘甘孜成锂带锂铍多金属大型资源基地综合调查评价”(编号: DD20190173)的资助成果。


Areview of the three type rare mineral resources survey in China using remote sensing
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    摘要:

    遥感技术具有宏观、经济、快速、准确等技术优势,特别是近年来高空间分辨率、高光谱、雷达等遥感技术的发展十分迅速,为三稀矿产资源调查提供了一种全新的技术手段。遥感技术应用于三稀矿产资源调查尚处于起步阶段,目前主要在稀土矿产资源调查中应用较多,在稀有稀散金属调查中应用非常欠缺,主要应用方向包括地质找矿、矿产资源开采现状调查、环境监测等。通过分析三稀矿产资源的成矿规律,建立相应的遥感找矿模型,可以缩小找矿靶区,为三稀矿产资源的找矿调查提供快捷有效的技术支撑;此外,高空间分辨率遥感数据可以提取矿山的地表开采信息,通过与矿权信息的叠加分析,实时动态地监测三稀矿产资源的开采现状,为矿政管理提供依据;最后,遥感技术可以提取三稀矿山在开采过程中造成的地表环境变化信息,如植被破坏、土地压覆、水体污染、地质灾害等,获取环境变化的面积、强度等要素信息,为三稀矿产资源环境监测提供准确评估。今后应加强多源遥感数据在三稀矿产资源调查中的技术方法研究,建立不同类型三稀矿产资源的遥感找矿模型,并推进全国三稀矿产资源开采现状与环境监测的广度与力度,建立星- 空- 地一体化的三稀矿产资源调查体系。

    Abstract:

    Remote sensing has the advantages of macroscopic view, economic, quick response, accuracy, especially with the development of high spatial resolution, high spectral, radar remote sensing technology. It provide a new method forthe three type rare mineral resources survey. The three type rare mineral resources survey using remote sensing was still in the initial stage, and its application was mainly focused on ore prospect, mining status investigation and environmental monitoring. Recently, the study was mainly in rare earth mineral resources, however, the study on rare metals and rarely scattered resources were very little. The ore prospecting model of remote sensing was built based on the analysis of metallogenic rules, which can indicate prospecting target areas, and provide effective technical support for ore prospect of the three type rare mineral resources. In addition, surface mining information can be interpreted using high spatial resolution remote sensing data, then the mining status was analyzed with the overlay of the mining right data, which provide scientific basis for mining management. Finally, the environmental change including area and level information during the mining process can be extracted using remote sensing, such as vegetation damage, land cover, water pollution, geologic hazard, which can give environmental assessment of the three type rare mineral resources survey. In the future, the multi remote sensing technical method applied in the three type rare mineral resources survey should be enhanced, and the remote sensing prospecting model in different types of the three type rare mineral resources should be built. What’s more, the mining status investigation and environmental monitoring should be promoted comprehensively, and the aerospace- aerial- ground monitoring system should be built for the three type rare mineral resources survey.

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代晶晶,王登红,王海宇.2019.我国三稀矿产资源遥感调查综述[J].地质学报,93(6):1270-1278.
DAI Jingjing, WANG Denghong, WANG Haiyu.2019. Areview of the three type rare mineral resources survey in China using remote sensing[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,93(6):1270-1278.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-21
  • 最后修改日期:2019-06-03
  • 录用日期:2019-06-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-06-05