本文为中国核工业地质局项目（编号201602,201603,201903）；中国地质调查局地质调查项目（编号DD2016013607）及核工业二〇八大队自主科研项目资助成果。
兴蒙地区发育多个盆地，盆地主要类型为叠合型和克拉通型，且盆地内发现了一系列铀矿床。在大量钻孔资料编录整理、编图研究等基础上，笔者阐述了各盆地发育的大地构造背景，盆地的构造、沉积充填、还原介质、流体作用和铀矿化等特征，讨论了铀成矿的构造动力学过程。在此基础上，笔者提出了铀成矿作用发生于盆地特定的构造演化阶段，一定大地构造背景下发育的富铀基底地层、岩浆岩等控制了成矿物质来源，造就了规模宏大的铀成矿域、成矿省及成矿区带。盆地在断陷、坳陷及克拉通阶段发育了还原建造和铀储层的组合类型，构造反转使得盆地不同部位遭受剥蚀，形成剥蚀窗口；剥蚀窗口主要发育于盆地的边缘、凸起和凹陷的结合部位。随着剥蚀抬升，深部油气、煤成气等向剥蚀隆升区运移和逸散。在铀成矿流体与还原介质的氧化还原作用下，形成潜水、潜水- 层间氧化带和层间氧化带，同时形成铀矿体。盆地内铀成矿作用类型为①潜水、潜水- 层间和层间氧化作用；②同沉积成矿；③构造热事件叠加成矿；④多种流体混合作用成矿。在综合中新生代兴蒙地区不同阶段大地构造演化与铀成矿作用特征研究基础上，作者阐述了各盆地的地质特征和相应的铀成矿机理，建立了兴蒙地区铀成矿动力学模型。
Numerous basins, including superposition and craton types, occur in the Xingmeng area, North China. A series of uranium deposits have been discovered in these basins. Based on a large number of borehole data cataloging and mapping, this paper expounds the tectonic background of basin development, characteristics of basin structure, sedimentary filling, reducing medium, fluid action and uranium mineralization, and discusses the structural dynamic characteristics of uranium mineralization. On this basis, the authors propose that the uranium mineralization occurred at a specific tectonic evolution stage of the basins. The uranium rich basement strata and magmatic rocks developed in a certain geotectonic background controlling the source of ore- forming materials and creating a large- scale uranium metallogenic domain, province and belt. The basins in the Xingmeng area have developed a combination of reduction and uranium reservoirs during the rift, depression, or cratonic stage. The tectonic inversion has caused different parts of the basin to be eroded and formed the denudation windowsat the edge of the basin, swell and the junction of the sags. With denudation and uplift, the deep oil and gas, coal- derived gas, etc. migrated and escaped to the denudation uplift area. Under the redox action of uranium ore- forming fluid and reducing medium in the basin, the phreatic, phreatic- interlayer oxidation and interlayer oxidation zone were formed, and uranium ore body was formed at the same time. The types of uranium mineralization in the basin include: 1) phreatic, phreatic- interlayer and interlayer oxidation type; 2) synsedimentary- type mineralization; 3) tectonothermal event superposition mineralization; 4) multiple fluid mixing mineralization. Basis on the comprehensive studies of the tectonic evolution and uranium mineralization characteristics at the different stages, the authorshave elaborated on the geological characteristics of each basin, and the corresponding uranium metallogenic mechanism, and established the uranium metallogenic dynamic model in the Xingmeng area.
刘波,苗爱生,彭云彪,张鹏飞,李鹏,申科峰,时志强.2020.兴蒙地区中- 新生代盆地铀成矿特征、机理及其动力学背景研究进展[J].地质学报,94(12):3689-3711.
LIU Bo, MIAO Aisheng, PENG Yunbiao, ZHANG Pengfei, LI Peng, SHEN Kefeng, SHI Zhiqiang.2020. Research advances in uranium metallogenic characteristics, mechanism and dynamic background in the Mesozoic- Cenozoic basins of the Xingmeng area, North China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,94(12):3689-3711.
