Dissolution and preservation of carbonate is an important part of global carbon cycle.Therefore, the study of carbonate dissolution is of great significance in exploring the mechanism of carbon cycle and understandingits implications for global climate change. In this paper, we analyze the carbonate lysocline depth (CLD), compensation depth (CCD) and their variation since the Middle Pleistocene using the characteristics of planktonic foraminifera, benthic foraminifera and calcium carbonate in 108 surface sediments and 3columnar sediment samples collected from the southern part of the Yapu Trench. Changes in the carbonate content of surface sediments, the abundance of planktonic and benthic foraminifera, the proportion of benthic foraminifera occupying the foraminifera group, and the proportion of benthic shells in the benthic foraminifera group, indicate that modern carbonate lysocline depth (CLD) is located near water depth of 3800m, and carbonate compensation depth (CCD) at about 4800m.The change of columnar foraminifera dissolution index indicates that with the deepening of the CLD and CCD in glacial period the dissolution of carbonate is weakened.However, the dissolution of carbonate is enhanced, and the CLD and CCD shallower in the deglacial phase. The carbonate content of columnar cores near the modern lysoclineshows the“Pacific type”cycle characteristicswith high carbonatecontent in glacial period and low in interglacial period. At the same time, there is no obvious correlation between the variation curve of paleo- productivity index and carbonate content. Therefore, it is considered that the carbonate content change in the study area is mainly controlled by dissolution, especially during the glacial- interglacial transition period since Pleistocene.