地热气体研究进展
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本文为国家重点研发计划课题(编号2019YFC0604901)和国家自然科学基金项目(编号42042038、41902252、41430319)联合资助的成果。


Research progress on geothermal gas
Author:
  • Tian Jiao

    Tian Jiao

    1) Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China; 2) Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China; 3) Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
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  • Pang Zhonghe

    Pang Zhonghe

    2) Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China; 3) Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 4) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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  • Li Yiman

    Li Yiman

    2) Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China; 3) Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
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  • Zhou Xiaocheng

    Zhou Xiaocheng

    1) Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China
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    摘要:

    地热气体是地球内部物质和能量的信息载体,是地热研究的重要对象。地热气体主要包括CO2、H2S、H2、CH4、N2、O2等常量气体和He、Ne、Ar、Kr等稀有气体。这些组分的来源有幔源、壳源和大气源。经过100多年的研究,人类对地热气体的化学成分与同位素组成特征,如2H、13C、34S、3He、 4He、20Ne、39Ar、40Ar、85Kr、81Kr等,获得了基本认识并应用于不同来源气体混合关系,控热构造,热储温度,流体循环,热源构成等问题的研究。此外,气体研究也在地热开发过程中的腐蚀结垢防治和减碳贡献评估等方面有重要意义。近年来,我国在地热气体研究方面取得了显著进展。未来需要统一样品采集、贮存和测试方法,建立相应的技术标准,进而建成归一化标准的地热气体大数据。在碳达峰、碳中和的“双碳”目标的重大需求牵引下,进一步探索地热气体定年、伴生资源成因、控热构造识别等方面的发展,进而为应对气候变化和实现地热能科学可持续开采奠定基础。

    Abstract:

    Geothermal gas plays a significant role in geothermal study because it carries direct information on the material and energy deep within the earth. The research objects of geothermal gas geochemistry include gaseous components, such as CO2, H2S, H2, CH4, N2, O2, etc, noble gases such as He, Ne, Ar, Kr, etc, and corresponding isotopes, such as 2H, 13C, 34S, 3He, 4He, 20Ne, 39Ar, 40Ar, 85Kr, 81Kr, etc. These components mainly originate from mantle, crust and atmosphere. After more than 100 years of research, we can analyze the geological settings controlling the distribution of geothermal fluids and the reservoir temperature. Furthermore, they provide the basis for discussing the circulation mechanism of geothermal fluids, itsheat source and the associated gaseous resources in the geothermal systems. In geothermal engineering, research on gas geochemistry can make a big difference in solving problems of greenhouse gas emission, scaling, and corrosion. Due to the urgent demands for reducing carbon peaks and achieving carbon neutrality goals, we should not only establish technical standards and unify the methods used for sampling, storing, and measuring, but also construct specialized platform for geothermal gas measurement. Combining the existing advantages with the major demands of our country, it is suggested that great importance should be attached to geothermal fluid dating, associated gaseous resource, and identifying of geothermal controlled structure.

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引用本文

天娇,庞忠和,李义曼,周晓成.2022.地热气体研究进展[J].地质学报,96(5):1752-1766.
Tian Jiao, Pang Zhonghe, Li Yiman, Zhou Xiaocheng.2022. Research progress on geothermal gas[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(5):1752-1766.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-08
  • 最后修改日期:2022-02-21
  • 录用日期:2022-02-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-06-06