葛利普:一个世纪的回望——谨以此文纪念中国地质学会成立100周年及其创建者之一葛利普教授
作者:
基金项目:

本文为国家自然科学基金(编号 41972224)和中国地质调查局地质调查二级项目(编号 DD20190004)联合资助的成果。


Professor Amadeus William Grabau: a retrospect for one century ——to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Geological Society and one of its founders, professor Grabau
Author:
  • 摘要
  • | |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • | |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    葛利普(Amadeus William Grabau),美国地质学家,著名的地层学、古生物学家,其最后的26年在中国度过,是近代以来我国从事地质研究和教育的著名地质学家。他是中国近现代地质学的主要奠基者之一,也是中国最早的科学协会—中国地质学会的早期创始人之一,为中国近现代地质事业作出卓越贡献。在华期间,葛利普先生先后出版大量论文、专著,内容不仅涉及中国的区域地质,也建立起全球构造理论。基于归纳总结北美、欧洲以及亚洲的资料,20世纪30年代早期他提出“脉动理论”,确立了全球海平面升降的规律,并建立起基于海进、海退规律为基础的古生代构造-地层划分方案,成为现今层序地层学的基础;基于大陆漂移假说,分析演绎并建立“极控理论”,强调地壳的大规模水平运动,强调地槽的形成与水平构造运动有关,形成了原始的俯冲与海底扩张思想的萌芽。脉动理论和极控理论分别论述了地球表层的垂直运动和水平运动,两个理论互为补充,通过构造事件相联系,形成统一的葛利普的整体地球观。葛利普先生也是大陆漂移的热情支持者和推广者,为板块构造理论的出现发挥了重要作用,他灵活的归纳和演绎贯穿其科学生涯的始终。他身残志坚,身处绝境而仍笔耕不辍;他生命不息、奋斗不止的精神值得我们永远学习、敬仰和传承。

    Abstract:

    Amadeus William Grabau, an American geologist, was a famous paleontologist and spent his last 26 years in China. He was a famous geologist engaged in geological research and education in China in modern times. He was also one of the main founders of modern geology in China,and one of the early founders of Chinas earliest scientific association—China Geological Society. He had made outstanding contributions to the cause of modern geology in China.During his stay in China, professor Grabau published a large number of papers and monographs, which not only related to Chinas regional geology, but also established global tectonic theories.Based on summarizing the data of North America, Europe and Asia, professor Grabau proposed the “Pulsation Theory” in the early 1930s, discovered the regularity of rise and fall of the global sea level, and established the Paleozoic tectonicstratigraphic division scheme based on the law of transgression and regression, which has since become the basis of current sequence stratigraphy. Based on the hypothesis of continental drift, professor Grabau analyzed, deduced and established the “Polar Control Theory”, emphasized the largescale horizontal movement of the crust and that the formation of geosyncline is related to the horizontal tectonic movement, proposing the germ of the original idea of subduction and seafloor spreading. The Pulsation Theory and Polar Control Theory respectively discuss the vertical and horizontal movements of the earths crust. The two theories are linked by tectonic events and complement each other to form a unified Grabaus holistic view of the earth. Professor Grabau was also an enthusiastic supporter and promoter of continental drift hypothesis. He played an important role in the emergence of plate tectonics theory. His flexible induction and deduction run through his scientific career. Although disabled, he was toughminded, and continued to write in a challenging environment. Though physically disabled, he was strong mentally and kept working regardless of overwhelming difficulties. His indomitable spirit continues to inspire others to follow in his steps.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

张进,曲军峰.2022.葛利普:一个世纪的回望——谨以此文纪念中国地质学会成立100周年及其创建者之一葛利普教授[J].地质学报,96(1):4-24.
Zhang Jin, Qu Junfeng.2022. Professor Amadeus William Grabau: a retrospect for one century ——to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Geological Society and one of its founders, professor Grabau[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(1):4-24.

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数:
历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-11
  • 最后修改日期:2022-01-27
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-02-14