本文为国家自然科学基金项目(编号42121005，91958214)及中央财政高校专项基金项目(编号202172003)、青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室数字孪生重大项目及泰山学者攀登计划(编号tspd20210305)联合资助的成果。
Li Sanzhong
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaSuo Yanhui
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhou Jie
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhong Shihua
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaSun Guozheng
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Jie
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaWang Guangzeng
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhu Junjiang
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaJiang Suhua
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLi Xiyao
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Yongjiang
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaCao Xianzhi
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaGuo Lingli
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhao Shujuan
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaWang Pengcheng
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaGuan Qingbin
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaChen Long
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Boran
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhou Jianping
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaJiang Zhaoxia
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Lin
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaCao Huahua
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaDai Liming
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaYu Shengyao
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Bo
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaWang Xiujuan
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaWang Chengcheng
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaWang Xi
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Ze
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaGuan Hongxiang
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLi Xiaohui
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaHu Jun
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaDuan Wei
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaYu Lei
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Xiaoguang
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaWang Yuhua
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhong Yuan
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLiu Peng
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhang Wenchao
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaLi Luoyang
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaZhao Yanyan
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaXu Shumei
1) Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE and College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China; 2) Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China传统板块构造理论50多年来一直是占统治地位的地学理论，是理解固体地球运行的基本范式，但遇到三大难题：板块起源、板内变形和板块驱动力。针对这三大难题，微板块构造理论试图开拓一个全球构造研究的新范式。本文通过与传统板块构造理论中基本原理的逐条对比，阐明了微板块构造理论的基本原理和优势及其对传统板块构造理论的拓展。微板块构造范式既不同于传统板块构造范式，又不同于地幔柱范式，是两者的重要补充与拓展。文中着重从几何学、运动学、动力学、适用范围、理论出发点、理论假设与预测的角度，阐明了大板块与微板块的异同，并探讨了两者的转换关系及其转换机制的多样性，介绍了微板块生长成为大板块的4种途径、大〖JP2〗板块破碎为微板块的3种转换模式，探索了前板块构造体制下微地块在非线性地球系统中通过自组织、自生长等方式，进化为板块体制下微板块的自然选择过程。本文还提出陆壳型微地块是密度选择的结果，其密度决定了其保存机制，这是陆壳起源的根本；〖JP〗微地块向微板块的转变是刚性选择的结果，其刚性是初始板块构造体制起始的必要条件；微板块不对称俯冲或对流型式的转变是热选择的结果，其热不对称性是现代板块构造体制起始的必要条件。
The traditional plate tectonics theory has been the dominant theory in geoscience for more than 50 years. It is the basic paradigm to understand how the solid Earth operated, but it has encountered three major problems: origin of plate tectonics, intraplate deformation and plate- driving mechanisms. Aiming at these three problems, the theory of Microplate Tectonics attempts to develop a new research paradigm for global tectonics. By comparing with the point- to- point basic principles of the traditional plate tectonic theory, this paper describes the basic principles and advantages of the microplate tectonic theory and its extension to the traditional plate tectonic theory. Microplate tectonic paradigm, different from both the paradigm of traditional plate tectonics and mantle plume, is their important supplement and extension. From the views of geometry, kinematics, dynamics, scope of application, theoretical starting point, theoretical hypothesis and prediction, this paper explores the similarities and differences between megaplates and microplates, revealing their transitional relationships and the diversity of transitional mechanism, introducing four growth ways from microplates to large- scale plates and three transition models from large- scale plates to microplates, and exploring the natural selection process of micro- blocks under the pre- plate tectonic system to evolve into microplates under the plate system through self- organization and self- growth in a nonlinear Earth system. It is proposed that the continental crust- type micro- block is a result of density selection, and the density determines its preservation mechanism, which is the basis of the origin of continental crust. The transition from micro- block to microplate is a result of rigidity selection, which determines the necessary conditions for the initiation of the original plate tectonic system. The transition of asymmetric subduction or mantle convection pattern is the result of thermal selection for microplate, and its thermal asymmetry determines the necessary conditions for the initiation of modern plate tectonic system.
李三忠,索艳慧,周洁,钟世华,孙国正,刘洁,王光增,朱俊江,姜素华,李玺瑶,郭晓玉,刘丽军,刘永江,曹现志,郭玲莉,赵淑娟,王鹏程,关庆彬,陈龙,刘勃然,周建平,姜兆霞,刘琳,曹花花,戴黎明,于胜尧,刘博,王秀娟,王程程,王玺,刘泽,管红香,李晓辉,胡军,段威,于雷,刘晓光,王誉桦,钟源,刘鹏,张文超,李洛阳,赵彦彦,许淑梅.2022.微板块与大板块：基本原理与范式转换[J].地质学报,96(10):3541-3558.
Li Sanzhong, Suo Yanhui, Zhou Jie, Zhong Shihua, Sun Guozheng, Liu Jie, Wang Guangzeng, Zhu Junjiang, Jiang Suhua, Li Xiyao, Guo Xiaoyu, Liu Lijun, Liu Yongjiang, Cao Xianzhi, Guo Lingli, Zhao Shujuan, Wang Pengcheng, Guan Qingbin, Chen Long, Liu Boran, Zhou Jianping, Jiang Zhaoxia, Liu Lin, Cao Huahua, Dai Liming, Yu Shengyao, Liu Bo, Wang Xiujuan, Wang Chengcheng, Wang Xi, Liu Ze, Guan Hongxiang, Li Xiaohui, Hu Jun, Duan Wei, Yu Lei, Liu Xiaoguang, Wang Yuhua, Zhong Yuan, Liu Peng, Zhang Wenchao, Li Luoyang, Zhao Yanyan, Xu Shumei.2022. Microplate and megaplate: fundamental principles and paradigm transition[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(10):3541-3558.
