The division and regional correlation of Neoproterozoic sequence in the Tarim basin are helpful for the study of early environmental evolution and deep oil and gas exploration in the basin. Integrating results of previous studies with an analysis of the sedimentary characteristics of the Neoproterozoic successions in the Aksu area of the northwestern Tarim basin, a detailed investigation on sequence filling pattern of this area and its regional significance of sequence correlation were carried out. Associated with the three- stage evolution of the rift basin, the Neoproterozoic successions of the northwestern margin of the Tarim basin can be divided into three sedimentary sequences. During the syn- rifting stage at the early Cryogenian, Sq1, composed of glacial and shallow- water shelf deposits in the Dongqiaoenbrak Formation and the Muyangtan Formation, was formed and distributed in isolated small barrier- graben basins. During the rifting- to- depression transformation stage at the late Cryogenian- early Ediacaran period, Sq2 was formed. Due to enhanced connectivity of the rifting basin, it had larger distribution range and was composed of the Youermeinak Formation and Sugetbulak Formation, developing glacial, tidal and shallow water shelf deposits. During the depression stage at the late Ediacaran period, Sq3 was formed. It was composed of the Chigebulak Formation and developed carbonate platform deposits. According to the sedimentary- tectonic background and chronological stratigraphic framework of the Tarim basin, the Neoproterozoic sequence filling pattern in the Aksu area of the northwestern basin, characterized by three stage, can be compared with the Kuruktag area of the northeastern basin and the Yecheng area of the southwestern basin, and the diamictites at the bottom of the Sq1 and Sq2 correspond to the global Sturtian and Marinoan glaciation, respectively.