桂北摩天岭地区达亮和新村富铀矿床矿物学特征及对矿床成因的指示意义
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本文为国家自然科学基金项目(编号42302094)、广西省地矿局地质科研项目(编号桂地矿核2024- 15)、中国核工业地质局地勘费科研项目(编号202238- 10)和核工业北京地质研究院院长青年基金项目(编号地QJ2101)联合资助的成果


Mineralogical studies of ore and gangue minerals in Daliang and Xincun deposits of Motiangling ore district, northern Guangxi, South China: Implications for ore genesis
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    摘要:

    为了进一步深化桂北摩天岭地区多阶段铀成矿机理,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电子探针等分析测试技术,对该区两个典型富铀矿床(达亮和新村矿床)不同成矿阶段的矿化蚀变特征、铀赋存状态和特征蚀变矿物(绿泥石、黄铁矿和沥青铀矿)地球化学进行了详细研究。结果表明,达亮矿床以铀- 绿泥石(黄铁矿)型矿石为主,其中铀主要以沥青铀矿、钛铀矿以及少量次生铀矿物形式存在;新村矿床以铀- 硅化型和铀- 萤石型矿化为主,铀赋存状态较为简单,主要以独立铀矿物- 沥青铀矿为主,另有少量铀石。电子探针分析结果显示,达亮矿床沥青铀矿含有较高含量的Pb和REEs,而新村矿床沥青铀矿则相对富W和Ca,达亮矿床成矿期黄铁矿相对贫As,这些特征指示两种类型铀矿化均形成于中低温环境,岩体或邻近地层可能为铀矿化形成提供了丰富的成矿物质。根据绿泥石经验温度计,估算出达亮矿床成矿温度为218~243℃,与前人通过测定成矿期流体包裹体得到的均一温度基本一致,属中低温条件;新村矿床成矿前绿泥石的形成温度为219~243℃,明显高于成矿期流体包裹体均一温度。绿泥石的形成机制包括溶蚀- 结晶和溶蚀- 迁移- 结晶。

    Abstract:

    To further elucidate the multi- stage uranium metallogenic mechanism of the Motianling area in northern Guangxi, we studied the characteristics of mineralization and alteration, uranium occurrences and the mineralogical geochemistry of pitchblende, pyrite, and chlorite in two typical uranium deposits (Daliang and Xincun) using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA). The results show that the uranium minerals in the uranium- chlorite (pyrite) type ores from the Daliang deposit are mainly composed of uraninite, brannerite, and a minor amount of phosphoric uraninite. In contrast, the uranium occurrence of the Xincun deposit is relatively simple, dominated by uraninite with minor coffinite. Geochemical analysis shows that the uraninite from the Daliang deposit is relatively enriched in Pb and REEs, while the associated pyrite shows elevated As content. In comparison, the uraninite from the Xinchun deposit is enriched in W and Ca. These geochemical signatures suggest that the two types of uranium mineralization in the Motianling area formed in a medium- to low- temperature environment, with the granite itself or adjacent strata potentially providing abundant ore material for the formation of uranium mineralization. Based on the chlorite geothermometer, the mineralization temperature of the Daliang ore deposit is estimated to be 218~243℃, consistent with homogenization temperatures obtained from fluid inclusions, further supporting a medium- to low- temperature environment. Pre- ore chlorite in the Xincun deposit formed at temperatures ranging from 219~243℃, significantly higher than the mineralization- stage homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions. The formation mechanisms of chlorite include dissolution- crystallization and dissolution- migration- crystallization processes.

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王勇剑,庞雅庆,范洪海,吴玉,章健,杨航,麻乾坤.2025.桂北摩天岭地区达亮和新村富铀矿床矿物学特征及对矿床成因的指示意义[J].地质学报,99(4):1256-1273.
WANG Yongjian, PANG Yaqing, FAN Honghai, WU Yu, ZHANG Jian, YANG Hang, MA Qiankun.2025. Mineralogical studies of ore and gangue minerals in Daliang and Xincun deposits of Motiangling ore district, northern Guangxi, South China: Implications for ore genesis[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,99(4):1256-1273.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-04-27