The Heshentuoluogai basin is a wellpreserved Early Mesozoic basin in Northwestern Xinjiang. There exist various depositional sedimentary lithofacies and facies associations that show obvious spatial variations in different areas of the basin. lluvial fan, fan delta and fine grained lacrustine sediments dominate the proximal areas of the northern or eastnorthern basin margins, while alluvial fan conglomerate, fluvial sandstone and conglomerate facies associations are prevalent in the southern or southwestern parts of the basin. Most sediments mainly come from the Xiemisitaishan area, and some sediments may come from south or southwest mountains, as indicated by restored paleocurrent directions and provenance. Based on the stratigraphic style distributed on two sides of basinmargin faults and factors of these faults, and combined with parallel and vertical seismic sections of the basin, this study suggests that the formation and development of Heshentuoluogai basin is controlled by two margins' faults, especially by the sinistral strikeslip movement of the Daerbut fault to the south margin of the basin, and this basin has its own evolving history totally different from that of the Junggar basin.