Baed on the characterisitcs of mineral components, granulometric structure and fractal, maturity and present activity of fault gouge, and topotaxy of quartz fragments by SEM, aseismatic problem and fault-resistance problem of the bridge foundation of the Zhengjiang-Yangzhou Yangtze river highway bridge are analyzed and evaluated. It is concluded from the quantitative study of fault gouge that the Shiyezhou fault, which has a great effect on the stability of the bridge foundation, is a preferred fault. This study has great importance and practical significance for the synthetic study and demonstration of regional stability, the rationalization of site selection and design, and the safety of the oversize Yangtze River bridge project on the fault zone.