The geothermal resources are abundant in the Wugong Mountain area. However, the fluoride- enriched geothermal groundwater in the western region restricts the development and utilization of geothermal resources. Methods: In this paper, a total of 22 samples were collected in the western part of the Wugongshan area. Based on the physical parameters and isotopic data, the recharge source of geothermal groundwater is identified, and the recharge elevation, circulation depth, heat storage temperature and mixing ratio are estimated for revealing the genetic mechanism of geothermal water. Based on the several hydrochemical analysis method, the genetic mechanism of high fluoride geothermal groundwater is analyzed by the environment and process of hydrochemistry. Results: The results indicate that: Ca2+, Na+and HCO-3 are the main ions in the surface water, shallow groundwater and geothermal groundwater. The hydrochemical characteristic of high fluoride geothermal groundwater is HCO3--Na+. The fluoride concentration in geothermal groundwater is 3~13 times greater than the upper limited value, while these in the surface water and shallow groundwater are within the permittable threshold range. Geothermal groundwater is originated from meteoric precipitation. The recharge elevation is 1011~1422 m, circulation depth is 470~1893 m, heat storage temperature is 64. 9~113. 1℃, the proportion of cold water mixed in geothermal water is 0. 68~0. 93. Conclusions: The hydrochemical characteristic of geothermal groundwater is controlled by the geological setting and hydrogeochemical process. The fluoride in geothermal groundwater is originated from the rock weathering and mineral dissolution. Cation exchange and alkaline condition are the main influence factors for fluorine enrichment.