Through geological and elemental geochemical studies, this research identifies hydrothermal sedimentary evidence of the Tianxiong manganese deposit in central Hunan, aiming to provide supplementary insights for metallogenic theory and exploration direction of manganese resources in this region.Methods: Based on petrographic and mineralogical identification, major and trace element analyses of manganese ore beds and their overlying/underlying country rock samples, this study systematically investigates the petrographic characteristics, mineralogical features, and geochemical composition of manganese ores.Results: 1. The predominant manganese-bearing minerals in the Tianxiong Manganese Deposit of central Hunan are rhodochrosite and manganocalcite. 2. Genetic discrimination indicators—including SiO?/Al?O?, Al/(Al+Fe+Mn), Co/Zn-(Cu+Co+Ni), Fe/Ti, Y/Ho diagrams, and the positive Eu anomaly observed in ores—collectively demonstrate that the ore—forming materials of the Tianxiong Deposit were likely derived from submarine hydrothermal systems. 3. Geochemical proxies such as Mn/Fe, V/(V+Ni), and δCe ratios in the manganese-bearing sequences suggest an overall suboxic-reducing depositional environment within a shallow marine facies.Conclusions: The Tianxiong manganese deposit in central Hunan and the Songtao manganese ore cluster in northeastern Guizhou may share similar metallogenic conditions characterized by deep-seated manganese-bearing fluid exhalative sedimentation. Building upon the exploration research framework of the "Datangpo-type" manganese deposits in northeastern Guizhou, further investigations should be prioritized to achieve new breakthroughs in manganese exploration within this region.