Uranium resources in South Africa rank at the top of the world. The study on uranium resources characteristics and investment environment in South Africa can provide reference for the “going global” strategy of uranium exploration and development in China. Based on the data released by IAEA and other authoritative agencies, this paper comprehensively analyzes of uranium resources, the types of uranium deposits, scale of uranium deposits and investment environment in South Africa. At present, there are six types of uranium deposits in South Africa. The uranium deposits are mainly distributed in the Archean shield gold—uranium, Cu—Platinum group elements—diamond forming area and the Paleo—Meso—Cenozoic Karoo Basin uranium—diamond—placer gold forming area. Based on the current situation of exploration and development, national political stability, social economy, infrastructure and other factors, the author believes that the investment environment of south africa uranium mines is considered to be ‘average’level. However, in recent years, the investment environment in South Africa is gradually changing a good trend, and the gold (uranium) deposit in the Witwatersrand basin has been exploited, with great potential, so it is worth paying attention to Chinese enterprises to seize this investment opportunity.